各國的萬聖節美食

關於各國的萬聖節美食,我們特別翻譯外國網站的原文供大家參考。
資料出處  : https://www.littlepim.com/halloween-food-around-the-world/

Halloween food around the world
For most American families, Halloween “treats” mean one thing: candy – mounds of bite-size morsels heaped into kids’ bags in exchange for that magic phrase: “Trick or treat!” Other cultures, however, celebrate All Souls’ Day, All Saints Day or Dia de Los Muertos (Nov. 1 and 2), from which our Halloween (All Hallows Eve) is derived, with different sorts of treats. Why not expand your family’s cultural horizons this Halloween by trying some of these traditional sweet treats from around the globe?

各國的萬聖節美食
大多數的美國家庭,在萬聖節都會吃糖果,ㄧ堆一口大小的糖果糕點會塞進孩童的袋子裡,做為那句魔咒”不給糖就搗蛋”的交換。然而,其他國家也衍生出以其他方式慶祝萬聖節或者萬靈節的慶典(11月1號和2號)。何不試著用其他國家的傳統甜點來拓展你們家萬聖節的慶祝方式呢?

Here are a few ideas about food from Halloween around the world – about what people eat in other countries, and recipes to go with them.
這裡有ㄧ些世界各地萬聖節人們會吃些什麼的點子
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Soul cakes (England and Ireland): These sweet, round cakes were traditionally given out in England and Ireland on All Saints Day or All Souls’ Day during the Middle Ages to those who went door-to-door saying prayers for the dead in what may be the forerunner to today’s trick-or-treating. They can be made with raisins and currants and aromatic spices like allspice, nutmeg, cinnamon and ginger.
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靈魂蛋糕 (英格蘭及愛爾蘭): 這些甜的圓型蛋糕在中古世紀時,於英格蘭和愛爾蘭在萬聖節以及萬靈節時,用來發給那些挨家挨戶為死者祈禱的人,據說這些人或許就是今天”不給糖就搗蛋”的先驅。這些蛋糕可以用葡萄乾、黑加侖以及像百香果的香料,還有肉豆蔻、肉桂粉和薑做成。

Fave dei morti (Italy): In Italy, All Souls’ Day may be celebrated with delicate cookies (sometimes white, brown or pink) – made with almonds and covered with sugar – called Fave dei Morti or Ossei dei Morti, whose name translates to “Beans of the Dead” or “Bones of the Dead.”

蠶豆酥: 在義大利,萬聖節可能會有美味的蛋糕 (有些時候是白色、綜色或者粉紅)-以杏仁做成並且用糖粉覆蓋,稱作蠶豆酥,翻譯作”逝者之豆”或者”逝者之骨”。

Pan de Muerto (Mexico):  This soft sweet bread is a Dia de Los Muertos (Day of the Dead) tradition in Mexico, sometimes eaten at the grave of a loved one or placed on an altar. It may be flavored with orange zest or decorated with a teardrop or bones, perhaps placed in a circle to represent the cycle of life. Some people even mold the bread into animals, angels or other evocative shapes.

亡者麵包(墨西哥): 這種甜麵包是在墨西哥死亡日的傳統,有時會放置在祭壇上或者在摯愛的墓地食用。可能會做成橘子口味或者用水滴還是骨頭裝飾,或者會排城ㄧ個圓型代表生命的循環。有些人甚至會做成動物、天使或者其他能換起回憶的形狀。
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Guagua de pan (Ecuador): These “bread babies” – sweet rolls molded and decorated to look like small children or infants – are part of the Day of the Dead tradition in parts of South America. Often made of wheat and sometimes filled with sweet jelly, they may be exchanged as gifts between families and friends or used ceremonially.

瓜瓜麵包 (厄瓜多爾)-這些”麵包寶寶”是用甜麵粉滾成,並且裝飾成小孩的臉或者嬰兒,這是南美亡靈節的一部分傳統。ㄧ般會用小麥做成,用甜果醬當內餡,可做為家人朋友間的交換禮物,或者儀式上的用途。

 

35個奇妙的聖誕節傳統

關於35個奇妙的聖誕節傳統,我們特別翻譯外國網站的原文供大家參考。

資料來源 https://www.lovehomeswap.com/blog/places-and-spaces/35-bizarrest-christmas-traditions

We know that not everyone celebrates Christmas in the same way. Different countries have their own traditions – and some of them are truly bizarre.
Christmas comes but once a year.  We’ve gone away and handpicked the weirdest Christmas traditions from around the word.  From deep fried caterpillars to rotting birds, here are the world’s most unusual festive rituals.

我們知道不是所有人都用一樣的方式慶祝聖誕節。不同國家有不同的傳統,而有一些是非常有趣的。
聖誕節是ㄧ年一度,我們特別選了一些來自世界各國奇怪的聖誕傳統。從油炸的毛毛蟲到腐敗的鳥兒,這裡有世界最特殊的慶典儀式。

 

  1. South Africa非洲
    This festive South African delicacy is not for the faint hearted-on Christmas Day, Locals tuck into the deep-fried caterpillars of the Emperor Moth.
    在熱鬧的非洲慶典,沒勇氣的人是優雅不來的- 在聖誕節當天,當地人會大吃油炸的帝王蛾毛毛蟲
  2. Austria奧地利
    Austrian children live in fear of Krampus-a Christmas devil who’s said to beat naughty children with branches.
    奧地利兒童都很怕魔鬼Krampus,傳說有個聖誕惡魔會用樹枝抽打調皮的小孩

3.Catalonia加泰隆尼亞
       Catalonians include the figure of the Caganer in their nativity scenes- a small figure of a defecating man.
加泰隆尼亞把便便人偶- 也就是一個作勢在排便的人偶,放進耶穌誕生圖裡

4.Catalonians加泰隆人
Catalonians also have the Tió de Nadal, otherwise known as the “pooping log”.  Decorated with a face and blanket, on Christmas Eve the log is placed halfway into a fire and beaten with sticks.
加泰隆人還有另一個聖誕人偶,也是一個便便人偶。用臉和圍巾裝飾,在聖誕夜的時候被掛在火中用樹枝抽打。

5.Norway挪威
There’s no cleaning on Christmas Eve in Norway- all brooms are safely hidden away, in case they’re stolen by witches and evil spirits.挪威的聖誕夜是不打掃的,所有的掃把都被藏的好好的,以免被女巫或者惡靈偷走。

6.Japan日本
Advertising can be incredibly powerful.  Thanks to a campaign in 1974, many Japanese families eat at KFC on Christmas Eve.
廣告大肆播放。感謝1974年的大選,很多日本家庭在聖誕夜都會吃肯德雞

7.Venezuela委內瑞拉
Venezuelans attend Mass in the run-up to Christmas.  However, Caracas residents have developed a strange tradition- journeying to Mass on roller skates.
委內瑞拉人以跑步參加彌撒來迎接聖誕。然而,卡拉卡斯居民發展成一個奇特的傳統,以溜滑輪來參加彌撒。

8.Greenland格林蘭島
Greenland has some unusual Christmas recipes.  Matak is raw whale skin, served with blubber.  Kiviak is 500 dead auk birds, stuffed into a seal skin, and left to ferment for 7 months.
格林蘭島有一些特殊的聖誕節食譜。馬特卡是一道生鯨肉佐鯨油脂。醃海雀是用500隻死去的海雀,塞進海豹皮,然後放著發酵七個月。

9.Germany德國
Germans hide a pickle in the Christmas tree on Christmas Eve- the first child to discover it in the morning receives a small gift.
德國人在聖誕夜藏一條酸黃瓜在聖誕樹上,第一個在早上找到的小孩就可獲得一份小禮物。

10.New Zealand紐西蘭
Rather than using the traditional conifer, New Zealanders decorate Pōhutukawa trees at Christmas.
有別於使用傳統的針葉樹,紐西蘭人在聖誕節用高鐵心木來裝飾聖誕樹。

11.Portugal葡萄牙
Consoda is a traditional Christmas morning feast in Portugal.  This is a time for remembering the dead, and families lay places for the souls of their late loved ones.
Consoda在葡萄牙是一種傳統的聖誕節早宴。這是一個緬懷逝者以及該年過世的家人,希望他們靈魂得到安息。

12.Germany德國
German children leave a shoe outside the house on December 5th, which is then filled with sweets overnight.  Naughty children awake to find a tree branch in the shoe instead.
德國的小孩在12月5號當天把一只鞋子留在房子外面,過了一個晚上就會被甜食塞滿。頑皮的小孩就必須在樹枝上找鞋子。

13.Ukraine烏克蘭

Ukrainians forego tinsel and baubles, instead decorating their Christmas trees with an artificial spider and web.
烏克蘭人不用金箔和彩球,他們用人造蜘蛛網來裝飾他們的聖誕樹。

14.Czech Republic捷克

In the Czech Republic, unmarried women stand by a door and throw a shoe over their shoulder- if the toe is pointing towards the door when it lands, they will get married within the next year.
在捷克,還沒結婚的女性會在站在門邊,把鞋子往上拋過肩,假如鞋尖在落下時朝著門,他們就會在隔年之內結婚。

15.Estonia愛沙尼亞
On Christmas Eve, Estonian families traditionally head to the sauna together.
在聖誕夜,愛沙尼亞的家庭傳統會一起去洗蒸氣浴。

16.Wales威爾斯
Mari Lwyd is performed in some Welsh villages on Christmas Eve.  A villager is chosen to parade through the streets, bearing the skull of a mare on the end of a stick.
瑪莉格雷在聖誕夜一些威爾斯村莊中表演。會選出一個村民,掛著母馬的頭顱,另一端用樹枝撐著,在街上遊行。

17.Iceland冰島
The Yule Cat is said to stalk the Icelandic hills.  Those who don’t receive new clothes before Christmas Eve are said to be devoured by this mythical beast.
傳說有耶誕貓在冰島的山丘出沒。那些沒有在聖誕夜前收到新衣服的人,會被這個神祕的野獸吃掉。

18.Sweden瑞典
Since 1966, authorities in Gävle have installed a straw Swedish Yule Goat.  However, almost every other year, vandals have succeeded in burning it down.
從1966年開始,政府當局在耶夫勒用稻草設置一座聖誕羊 (耶夫勒羊)。然而,幾乎每一年,都會被破壞者成功燒毀。

19.Another Swedish tradition involves festive rice pudding. A peeled almond is hidden in the dessert, and the person who finds it will supposedly be married within a year.
另一個瑞典的傳統是和慶典的米布丁有關。一顆去皮的杏仁會被藏在甜點裡,發現的人據說會在一年內結婚。

20.Great Britain大不列顛

An age-old tradition dictates that each member of the family must stir the Christmas pudding mix in a clockwise direction before it’s cooked, making a wish as they do so.
有一個流傳已久的傳統,家庭的每個成員在聖誕節,都要在布丁烹煮前順時針攪拌一下布丁,然後一邊許下願望。

21.Italy義大利
Rather than Snta Claus, Italian children await the arrival of Befana, a friendly witch who delivers sweets and toys on the fifth of January.
義大利小孩不是等聖誕老人,而是等待貝方娜- 一個會發送甜點和玩具的親切女巫,在1月5號的到來。

22.Ethiopia衣索比亞
Ethiopians celebrate Christmas on January 7th.  People wear white clothes, and the men play ganna- a fast-paced game with sticks and wooden balls.
衣索比亞人在1月7號這天慶祝聖誕節。人們會穿著白衣服,男生會玩ganna- 一種用木棒和木球節奏快速的遊戲

23.Latvia拉脫維亞
In Latvia, a group of “mummers”, dressed in a variety of costumes, travel from house to house.  Each household must give them a treat in return for a blessing.
在拉脫維亞,有一群啞劇演員,穿著各式各樣的戲服,逐門逐戶的拜訪。每一戶都必須給他們一些東西作為祝福。

24.Guatemala瓜地馬拉
Guatemalans sweep out their houses before Christmas.  Each neighborhood will then create a large pile of dirt, before placing an effigy of the devil on top, and burning it
瓜地馬拉人在聖誕節前會大掃除。左鄰右舍會將灰塵聚成一堆,再把代表惡魔的肖像放在最上面,然後燒掉

25.Cuba古巴
Every December, Cuban city Remedios plays host to the Parrandans festival.  The city divides into two halves, each building a themed sculpture from light bulbs, in preparation for Christmas Eve.
每一年12月,古巴城雷梅迪奧斯會舉辦帕朗達節饗宴。整座城市會區分為兩半,每個建築物用燈泡裝飾成不同的主題雕像,迎接聖誕夜。

26.Bavaria巴伐利亞
In Bavaria, a noisy Christmas tradition has taken hold.   Wearing the national costume of lederhosen, Bavarian Highlanders fire mortars into the air.
在巴伐利亞,熱鬧的聖誕節已行之有年。穿著民族服飾的皮短褲,在巴伐利亞高地將迫擊砲射向空中

27.Greece希臘
The Kallikantzaroi, a race of evil goblins, lurk underground according to Greek legend.  During the 12 days of Christmas they supposedly surface, wreaking havoc.
小妖精,根據希臘傳說,是潛伏在地底下邪惡精靈的一族。在聖誕節的12天當中,他們可能會露面,帶來浩劫。

28.Slovakia斯洛伐克
In Slovakia, the most senior man of the house takes a spoonful of loksa pudding and throws it at the ceiling- the more that sticks, the better.
在斯洛伐克,一家之中最年長的人會盛一匙洛克薩布丁,然後丟向天花板,黏的越牢表示越好。

29.Japan日本
White Christmas cards are sent to friends and family.  Red cards, however, are to be avoided- this is traditionally the color of funeral announcements.
白色聖誕卡會寄送給家人朋友。但是紅色的卡片則是禁忌- 這在傳統上是用來告知喪禮的顏色。

30.Canada加拿大
Canada Post recognizes the address Santa Claus, North Pole, Canada, HOHOHO.  Any letters received bearing this address are both opened and replied to.
加拿大郵政承認聖誕老公公的住址,北極-加拿大-HO HO HO。任何接獲此住址寫來的信都會被開啟並回覆。

31.Finland芬蘭
Finnish people traditionally mark Christmas with a touching tribute to the dead.  Families light candles at the graves of their departed loved ones, making Finnish graveyards a beautiful sight.
芬蘭人會在聖誕卡上寫下對死者感人的敬詞。家人會在他們逝去親友的墓碑上點上蠟燭,讓芬蘭墓地城為一個漂亮的景緻。

32.Icelan冰島
Icelandic children leave a shoe on their bedroom windowsills during the 12 days of Christmas.  Each night, it’s filled with sweets or gifts, ready to be enjoyed in the morning.
冰島小孩在聖誕節的12天期間,把一只鞋子放在臥房窗台。每一晚,都會被塞滿糖果或禮物,一早就能享用。

33.England英格蘭
Santa Claus traditionally leaves presents in a child’s stocking on Christmas Eve.  However, naughty children may wake up on Christmas morning to find a lump of coal in their stockings.
聖誕老人傳統上會在聖誕夜把禮物放在孩子們的長襪。但是,頑皮的孩子可能會在聖誕節早上醒來發現,他們的襪子裡被放了一塊煤炭。

34.South Africa南非
South African children are told the story of Danny, a young boy who angered his grandmother by eating the cookies that had been left for Santa.  In her range she killed him, and he is said to haunt homes at Christmas
南非的小孩都知道一個Danny的故事,是一個小男孩因為對奶奶生氣,吃了她留給聖誕老人的蛋糕。奶奶居然殺了他,而他的鬼魂據說會在聖誕節出沒在家鄉。

35.USA美國
美國創辦了一個叫做”聖誕老人狂追”暢飲聖誕傳統。每個會場都看見大批人群打扮成聖誕老人,在大型的酒吧裡舉行。
Americans have created a boozy Christmas tradition called The Running of the Santas.  Each event sees scores of people- dressed as Santa- taking part in a large bar crawl.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

節禮日

關於節禮日的由來,我們特別翻譯外國網站的原文供大家參考。

以下翻譯自:http://didyouknow.org/christmas/

December 26 was traditionally known as St. Stephen’s Day, after the first Christian martyr. It is now more commonly known as Boxing Day. This expression came about because money was collected in alms-boxes placed in churches during the festive season. This money was then distributed to the poor and needy after Christmas.
It is thought the Boxing Day was first observed in the Middle Ages. It found renewed popularity in the 19th Century when the lords and ladies of England presented gifts in boxes to their servants on December, 26 in appreciation of the work they had done over the Christmas celebrations.
If December 26 falls on a Saturday or Sunday, Boxing Day takes place on the Monday.

12月26號在第一個基督教徒殉難之後,傳統上被視為是聖斯蒂芬日。現在多被認定為節禮日。其由來是因為慶典期間,金錢被收集在放置於教堂的救濟盒。這些錢在聖誕過後被用來發配給窮困人家。
節禮日被認為始於中古時期,在19世紀當英格蘭貴族和仕女以盒子裝盛禮物,於12月26號贈送給他們的僕人,以勞他們為了聖誕慶典所做的工作時再度流行。
如果12月26號當天剛好是星期六或者星期日,節禮日就會改為星期一舉行。

 

精靈的名字

關於精靈的名字的由來,我們特別翻譯外國網站的原文供大家參考。

以下翻譯自:http://didyouknow.org/christmas/

In the pagan times of Scandinavia, people believed that house gnomes guarded their homes against evil. Although these gnomes mostly were benevolent, they quickly could turn nasty when not properly treated, so it is told. Throughout the centuries, they were either loved or loathed. Some people even believed them to be trolls and cannibals. The perception of gnomes largely depended on whether a person was naughty, or nice.
When Christmas became popular again as a festive season in the middle-1800s, Scandinavian writers such as Thile, Toplius, Rydberg sketched the gnomes’ true role in modern life: fairies that are somewhat mischievous, but the true friends and helpers of Father Christmas (Santa Claus). They are the Christmas elves. Artists such as Hansen and Nystrm completed the picture of elves for us.

在益教徒時期的Savukoski郡,人們相信房屋的土地神對抗惡靈,守護著他們的屋子。即使這些土地神多半是仁慈的,傳說中他們如果沒有被善待,很容易變的棘手。幾個世紀以來,他們不是被喜愛就是被憎恨。有些人甚至相信他們是侏儒或者食人族。對於土地神的任制大多取決於一個人是頑皮的或者和善的。

當聖誕在1800年中度時期再次成為一個受歡迎的節慶假期,斯堪的納維亞作者像Thile, Toplius和Rydberg用現代人生來描繪土地神的真實角色: 仙子是淘氣的,但他們是耶誕老人真正的朋友和幫手。他們就是耶誕精靈。Hansen和Nystrm等藝術家則為我們完成了精靈的畫作。

麋鹿的名字

關於麋鹿的名字的由來,我們特別翻譯外國網站的原文供大家參考。

以下翻譯自:http://didyouknow.org/christmas/

Rudolph is the most famous reindeer. He is the leader of the other 8, whose names are Blitzen, Comet, Cupid, Dancer, Dasher, Donder, Prancer, and Vixen.

The names of the 8 reindeer were published by Clement Clark Moore, an American poet and professor of theology, in his 1822 poem “A Visit From St. Nicholas.” Rudolph was first written about only in 1939 by Robert May, who included him in a story for the Montgomery Ward Christmas catalog. (Of course, the elves knew their names long, long before Moore and May did.)
The reindeer are cared for by one of the Christmas elves, Wunorse Openslae. He also designed Father Christmas’s sleigh and maintains it for top performance.

Rudolph魯道夫是最有名的麋鹿名。他是其他麋鹿- Blitzen閃電、Comet,彗星、Cupid邱比特、Dancer舞者、Dasher猛衝、Donder唐德、Prancer騰躍以及Vixen雌孤。
這八隻麋鹿的名字是由Clement Clark Moore,一個美國的詩人以及神學專家1822年的詩作”來自St. Nicolas的造訪”。 Rudolph只在1939年被Robert May,在Montgomery Ward (郵購公司)的聖誕目錄中第一次被提及(當然,我們知道精靈比Moore和May更早更早知道麋鹿的名字)。
麋鹿是由第一個聖誕精靈Wunorse Openslae所照顧。他也設計了第一個聖誕雪橇,並且長期維護他,以保持雪橇頂尖的表現。

 

有名的聖誕麋鹿

關於有名的聖誕麋鹿的由來,我們特別翻譯外國網站的原文供大家參考。

以下翻譯自:http://didyouknow.org/christmas/

At one stage it was thought that Father Christmas (Santa Claus) lives in the North Pole. In 1925 it was discovered that there are no reindeer in the North Pole. But there are lots in Lapland, Finland. So today we know that the reindeer live around the secret village of Father Christmas and the elves somewhere on the Korvatunturi mountain in the Savukoski county of Lapland, Finland, which is on the Finnish-Russian border.
Long ago, Father Christmas and the elves discovered the special formula of Magical Reindeer Dust which make them fly. This dust is sprinkled on each of the reindeer shortly before they leave on Christmas Eve. It gives them enough magic to fly right around the world. They can fly very fast: at about the speed of a Christmas light.

有一個時期,聖誕老人被認為是住在北極。在1925年發現北極並沒有麋鹿的存在。但是在芬蘭的拉普蘭卻有很多。因此,今日我們知道麋鹿是住在聖誕老人的神秘村落,而精靈是在芬蘭拉普蘭Savukoski郡的耳朵山(Korvatunturi)上,也就是在芬蘭和俄羅斯的交界。
很久以前,聖誕之父還有精靈發現了神奇的麋鹿粉可以讓麋鹿飛翔。這個粉在聖誕夜麋鹿離開前,用來撒在每隻麋鹿身上,讓麋鹿有神力可以飛躍全世界。他們可以飛的很快,大概是聖誕光芒一樣的速度

聖誕拐杖糖

關於聖誕拐杖糖的由來,我們特別翻譯外國網站的原文供大家參考。

以下翻譯自:http://didyouknow.org/christmas/

Christmas candy cane
The Christmas candy cane, shaped as a shepherds’ crook, represents the humble shepherds who were first to worship the new-born Christ.

Legend has it that the candy cane was invented in 1670 by a choirmaster at the Cologne Cathedral who handed out the bent sugar sticks among children to keep them quiet during the long Living Crèche ceremony.

聖誕拐杖糖

聖誕拐杖糖以牧羊人的拐杖為造型,代表謙卑的牧羊人是第一批祭祀耶穌重生的人。

聖誕禮物

關於聖誕禮物的由來,我們特別翻譯外國網站的原文供大家參考。

以下翻譯自:http://didyouknow.org/christmas/

Christmas gifts

Gifts were exchanged in the Roman ceremonies of Saturnalia, the festivities of solstice, the origin of our Christmas celebrations. We know the exchanging of gifts best from the three magi mentioned in the Bible. But as mentioned in the History of Christmas, during the previous centuries Christmas was a solemn affair. Religious puritans reminded Christians that the Magi gave gifts only to Jesus, not to His family or to each other. But since the celebration of Christ’s birth was incorporated with the solstice festivities outside the official church, and since Christmas really became widely popular during the last century, it has become a commercial phenomenon.
The first mention Christmas stockings being hung from or near a chimney were made only earlier this century by the illustrator, Thomas Nast, through his pictures and the writer, George Webster, in a story about a visit from Santa Claus. The story quickly caught on.
During World War II it was necessary to mail Christmas gifts early for the troops far way. Merchants joined in the effort to remind the public to shop early and the protracted shopping season was born.

聖誕禮物

在羅馬農神節的冬至慶典,也就是聖誕節慶祝的起始,會交換禮物。我們知道最開始的禮物交換是聖經上提到的三博士。但如同聖誕節歷史中提到,在前幾世紀,聖誕節是一個莊嚴的事件。
宗教的清教徒憶起基督徒三博士只有給耶穌禮物,並沒有給其家人或者其他人。但因為耶穌誕生的慶典和其他非正式教堂的冬至慶典是合併舉行的,加上耶誕節在前一世紀已廣為盛行,這已經成為一個商業現象。
聖誕襪被掛在靠近煙囪一說最早出現在本世紀的一個插畫家Thomas Nast,透過他的畫作以及作者- George Webster 在一個故事中提到聖誕老公公來訪。這個故事很快被傳開。

 

聖誕卡上的聖誕之父

關於聖誕卡上的聖誕之父的由來,我們特別翻譯外國網站的原文供大家參考。

以下翻譯自:http://didyouknow.org/christmas/

Father Christmas on Christmas cards

The first greeting card produced in the US was by German lithographer, Louis Prang, who emigrated to New York around 1850. Prang set up a workshop in Boston, Massachusetts in 1860 and began to produce the first color cards with scenes of winter tales for Christmas and New Year.
During the American Civil War, Abraham Lincoln requested a political cartoonist, Thomas Nast, to illustrate Santa Christmas (Santa Claus) with the Union troops to bolster their spirits. Nast was the first to introduce a Father Christmas in the now-traditional red suit and big leather belt.
Today, greeting cards is a multi-billion dollar industry supplying cards for just about any occasion.

聖誕卡上的聖誕之父

在美國第一張賀卡是由德國的印刷工- Louis Prang所製造,他是在1850左右移民到紐約。Prang在1860年於美國麻薩諸塞州波士頓設置了一間工作室,並開始生產第一張聖誕和新年冬季故事圖的彩色卡片。
在美國內戰時期,亞伯拉罕·林肯要求一位政治漫畫家- Thomas Nast畫出聖誕老人隨著統一大軍來鞏固他們的精神。 Nast是第一個用現在的傳統紅色穿著以及大皮帶來介紹聖誕老人的人。
今日,賀卡成為一個供應各種節慶卡片商機無限的行業

第一張聖誕卡

關於第一張聖誕卡的由來,我們特別翻譯外國網站的原文供大家參考。

以下翻譯自:http://didyouknow.org/christmas/

he first Christmas cards

Though wood engravers produced prints with religious themes in the European Middle Ages, the first commercial Christmas and New Year’s card was designed in London, England in 1843.

John Callcott Horsley (1817 – 1903), a British narrative painter and a Royal Academician, designed the first Christmas and New Year’s card at the suggestion and request of his friend Sir Henry Cole, who was the first director of the Victoria and Albert Museum. Horsley designed the first Christmas card in 1840, but it went on sale only in 1843, when one thousand cards were offered for 1s each.

The card was not received without controversy, for it showed a family raising their glasses to toast Christmas. Puritans immediately denounced it. The idea was a hit with others. Christmas card became very popular, and other artists quickly followed Horsley’s concept. A particularly popular card was designed by English artist William Egley in 1849.

The first Christmas cards were printed in 1843 in lithography by Jobbins of Warwick Court, Holborn, London, and hand-coloured by an artist named Mason. They were lithographed on stiff cardboard, with the greeting, “A Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year to You.” It also states that is was “Published at Summerly’s Home Treasury Office, 12 Old Bond Street, London.

第一張聖誕卡

雖然木雕師在歐洲中古世紀以宗教主題製作印刷品,第一張商業性質的聖誕和新年卡是在1843年的倫敦設計出來。
爵士- 第一位維多利亞與亞伯特博物館總監的建議和要求,設計了第一張聖誕和新年卡,Horsley在1840年設計了第一張聖誕卡,但在1843年,每款印制1000張時才開始銷售。

由於卡片上呈現家庭舉杯慶祝聖誕節,當時收到卡片時皆備受爭議。清教徒立刻譴責。而這個想法對其他人來說則是一個風潮。聖誕卡變得非常流行,其他藝術家也跟進Horsley的概念。當時最受歡迎的卡片是1849年英國藝術家William Egley設計的卡片。

第一張被印出的聖誕卡是在1843年,由Jobbins在倫敦以平版印刷印出,由藝術家Mason手繪顏色,印製在厚紙板上,並且寫上” 祝你有個快樂的聖誕以及新年”。同時也註明了其在倫敦的發行地址。